C# encoding iso 2022 jp

Japanese was traditionally written in columns, from top to bottom, with succeeding columns going right to left. See Can Japanese be written right to left? Nowadays, Japanese is often written in rows going from left to right, like English.

Apart from word processing and desktop publishing programs, left-to-right writing is almost always used on computer displays. Hiragana and katakana together are known collectively as the "kana". There are about fifty hiragana and fifty katakana.

Each hiragana has a katakana equivalent: they are analogous to small and capital letters. Unlike roman letters, their size does not vary. Hiragana have a smooth curvy appearance, whereas katakana are blocky and jagged. Each kana corresponds to one syllable. Here are a few kana:. The kanji are a complex ideographic writing system from China. See Kanji They remain very similar to Chinese to this day. The kanji are unified with Chinese and Korean in the Unicode character set.

There are thousands of kanji in common use in Japan. The quantity of kanji makes Japanese writing difficult both to learn and to encode on computers. Because the kana can express all possible sounds in Japanese, it is possible to write any Japanese sentence using only one of the two kana writing systems.

Thus, the earliest standard Japanese character set for computers JIS X , described later supported only katakana, which, although inconvenient, was sufficient. A character set is a one-to-one mapping between a set of distinct integers and a set of written symbols. A character set is an abstract concept that exists only in the mind of the programmer: computers do not directly manipulate character sets.

An encoding is a way characters are stored into 0s and 1s of computer memory. To implement FOOBAR support on a real computer, the most obvious way to encode data would be to represent one character per byte, following the usual way of encoding integers in binary. Alternatively, two bits could be used for each character in the string. This would allow us to cram the entire string "AABC" into one byte: The encoding has changed, but the character set remains the same. In real life, encodings tend to multiply uncontrollably as implementers accommodate the quirks in their systems, but character sets remain few.

Unicode is the new, superior standard. Japanese computers have been using JIS for decades, and Unicode has only appeared in the past few years. As needs have evolved, both standards have undergone several revisions. This is mainly a problem with JIS, since its revision process has been somewhat chaotic. In contrast, Unicode follows a policy that each new revision must be a strict super-set of previous ones, so version conflicts rarely cause problems.

In a nutshell:. Unlike Unicode, there is no single JIS character set. A JIS encoding actually involves several standard character sets used in combination:. It was designed in the s long before the other standards , when computers were not powerful enough to store kanji. The 7-bit part i. Thus, displaying ASCII text in a Japanese font will work almost perfectly — except that all backslashes will turn into yens.

The katakana are "half-width", in other words tall and thin, because makes them the same size as roman letters, and thus easy to display on fixed-width terminals. See What is half-width katakana? JIS X is the most important standard. It has gone through four official versions from the Japanese Standards Association. The , and standards are essentially the same, being close supersets of each other. Thus it is possible to talk about "JIS X " without mentioning the year.

The kanji included in these standards are the JIS level one and two kanji. See What are JIS level one and two kanji?

JIS X is set up as a 2-dimensional, 94x94 grid. The horizontal lines on the grid are:. This 94x94 grid fits between 33 and inclusive, almost completely overlapping the non-control part of ASCII. The hexadecimal JIS code is a bit code resulting from adding 32 to both the ku and the ten , and concatenating the two resulting bytes, the vertical coordinate becoming the high byte. The kanji in JIS X are enough for the vast majority of writing, but every so often a rarer kanji is needed to write names especially.

This is why the following standards exist. JIS X was introduced in to accommodate the demand for rare kanji. It is meant to be used in the same encoding alongside JIS X It contains obscure level 3 kanji. Even educated native Japanese people will not be familiar with most of them. Like JIS X , it is organized in a 94x94 grid. Here is a description of each horizontal line on the grid:. Moreover, it leads to confusion.

It is sometimes called JIS having been standardized in the year It is not yet in wide use: for now, it can be ignored. However, for future reference, here is a brief description. The design of JIS X is clever. The new characters in JIS X are mostly kanji and a few miscellaneous other characters. The standard is divided into two parts. Both planes are a 94x94 grid. Fortunately, because of the clever design of JIS X , the new encodings are only slightly different from their original version.

These cause no end of problems, even having duplicates with standard characters. As these characters are tightly bound to CP, they are described in CP Because almost all characters in EUC take up only 2 bytes, it is all too easy for careless programmers to build software that will break when it encounters a 3-byte EUC character.

Your understanding of how the text is encoded seems correct. Baffe Boyois Baffe Boyois 2, 15 15 silver badges 15 15 bronze badges. Sign up or log in Sign up using Google. Sign up using Facebook. Sign up using Email and Password. Post as a guest Name. Email Required, but never shown. The Overflow Blog. Podcast Helping communities build their own LTE networks.

Podcast Making Agile work for data science. Featured on Meta. New post summary designs on greatest hits now, everywhere else eventually. Linked 1. Related Hot Network Questions. Question feed. Stack Overflow works best with JavaScript enabled. Accept all cookies Customize settings. If running on. NET Core versions up to version 3. NET Framework, encodings and are both associated with the name "isojp", but they are not identical.

If you request the encoding name "isojp",. NET Framework returns encoding However, the encoding that is appropriate for your app depends on the preferred treatment of the half-width Katakana characters. To get a specific encoding, use the GetEncoding method. GetEncodings is sometimes used to present the user with a list of encodings in a File Save as dialog box. However, many non-Unicode encodings are either incomplete and translate many characters to "? Skip to main content. This browser is no longer supported.